Community metabolism in temperate maerl beds. Ⅱ. Nutrient fluxes

摘要

Maerl community ammonium (NH_4~+), nitrate + nitrite (NO_3~- + NO_2~-), dissolved silicic acid (DSi) and phosphate (PO_4~(3-)) fluxes were measured seasonally in the Bay of Brest (France). Nutrient exchanges at the sediment-water interface were assessed using benthic chambers. Nutrient fluxes differed between light and dark conditions, and fluctuated seasonally, with minimum values in winter and spring and maximum values in summer and autumn. In the dark, net community fluxes of NH_4~+, NO_3~- + NO_2~-, DSi and PO_4~(3-) varied from 53 to 226 μmol N m~(-2) h~(-1), -107 to 70 μmol N m~(-2) h~(-1), 18 to 180 μmol Si m~(-2) h~(-1) and 5 to 19 μmol P m~(-2) h~(-1), respectively. In the light, NH_4~+, NO_3~- + NO_2~-, DSi and PO_4~(3-) fluxes ranged from 17 to 110 μmol N m~(-2) h~(-1), -223 to -10 μmol N m~(-2) h~(-1), -34 to 112 μmol Si m~(-2) h~(-1) and 1 to 12 μmol P m~(-2) h~(-1), respectively. Temperature, community respiration, gross community production and bottom water dissolved oxygen and nutrient concentrations mainly controlled seasonal fluctuations of benthic nutrient fluxes. Annual net community fluxes of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), DSi and PO_4~(3-) were 6 g N m~(-2) yr~(-1), 10 g Si m~(-2) yr~(-1) and 2 g P m~(-2) yr~(-1), respectively. Annual gross community uptakes of DIN, DSi and PO_4~(3-) were 12 g N m~(-2) yr~(-1), 9 g Si m~(-2) yr~(-1) and 1 g P m~(-2) yr~(-1), respectively. Nutrient supply from the maerl community to the water column contributed potentially to between 18 and 55% of the annual phytoplanktonic production in the Bay of Brest.