ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルの特性と応用

摘要

Polyglycerol fatty acid esters(PGFEs)derived from glycerol and fatty acids of plant origin could have distinct structures due to differences in production method of hydrophilic polyglycerol in nature. The Isotropic liquid region in a phase diagram of conventional PGFEs-Water system is narrow(RegionⅠ), because the PGFEs obtained by dehydration condensation method usually comprise a higher concentration of cyclic compounds. Whereas, PGFEs derived by ring-opening polymerization procedure consists of a lesser extent of cyclic compounds, and thus result in a wider area of Region I in the phase diagram, compared to conventional PGFEs-Water system. Also, a similar phenomenon could be observed in PGFEs-Water-Oil system because of its lower cyclic PGFEs concentration. It implies that PGFEs with less cyclic components could potentially be applicable for cosmetic formulations wherein high solubility is generally required. Cleansing oil is one example which can be utilized with wet hands or even on a moisturized face. Further, additional applications such as body wash with PFGEs and pigment dispersive effect of condensed polyglycerol polyricinoleate are also exemplified in this article.%植物由来のグリセリンと脂肪酸から得られるポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル(PGFE)は，親水部のポリグリセリンの製造方法の違いにより構造が異なっている。脱水縮合法で得られる従来のPGFEは多くの環状化合物を含むため，PGFE／水の相図では等方性溶液(Ⅰ相)領域は狭い。これに対し，開環重合法で得られるPGFEは環状化合物が少なく，従来のPGFEと比較してより広いⅠ相領域が観察される。同様の現象はPGFE／水／油系でも見られ，環状化合物が少ないPGFEを用いた相図ではⅠ相領域が広い。すなわち高い可溶化力が求められる化粧品処方に応用が可能である。たとえば手や顔が濡れた状態でも使用できるクレンジングオイルの処方に適している。その他の応用例として，PGFEの身体洗浄量としての利用，縮合リシノレイン酸ポリグリセリルの顔料分散効果について解説する。