ユニット型特別養護老人ホームの夜勤介護における行為と空間滞在の分析

摘要

The purpose of this research is a clear about the care activity of the night shift care staff of unit type nursing home, the actual condition, and the feature of space use. In night shift care with a unit type institution, there is the feature of taking charge of two units in the one staff. The fundamental knowledge tied to the space plan of a unit type institution is acquired by clarifying aspect of movement between the staff's units, and aspect of stay of a night shift time zone. Investigation was conducted in four institutions. The investigator accompanied the night shift staff by man-to­man, and the night shift staff's care activities and use space were recorded for every minute from 10:00 to 7:00 of the next morning night. In night shift care, the actual conditions, like excretion care accounts for 20 to 30 percent, and businesslike acts, such as record, account for 20 to 30 percent became clear. The difference of the rate of each institution and the difference between the staff also became clear. The following points became clear about space stay, (l) Stay in a bed-room accounts for 30 to 50 percent. (2) With an institution without the care base station, stay in the living of one unit increases and deviation comes to be looked at by the stay situation between two units which it takes charge of. (3) With an institution with a station, that serves as a base of stay, and two units go round uniformly and stay.%1．　研究の背景1．1ユニット型施設における夜勤介護2003年に小規模生活単位型特別養護老人ホーム（現在はユニット型）が制度化されて以降、高齢者介護施設の計画の基本は全室個室でのユニット型が主流となってきた。ユニット型施設の目指すべきところはユニットケアの実践であるが、言い換えれば、いかにして個別ケアを実践し、「暮らし」を基本としたケアを支える場としての建築空間、生活環境を整えるか、ということになる。