現代の美術館におけるトップライトによる展示室への採光手法の形態的特徴

摘要

The aim of this study is to clarify the methods of daylighting from skylight in exhibition rooms of the contemporary art museums as the methods of creating "heterogeneous" exhibition space to get rid of "homogeneous" exhibition space which has rectangular solid space with the lighting from whole ceiling, which has been the cliche as known as "WHITE CUBE" in modern museum. Firstly, the form of exhibition rooms, such as the shape of plan and ceiling are analyzed by the difference from rectangular solid. Secondly, the form of skylight, such as the position on the exhibition room is analyzed, and the type of exhibition rooms, the relation to the position of art works and type of art works are considered. Finally, four types of methods of daylighting are suggested by defining the "homogeneous form of space and illumination" as a typical method. Furthermore, the feature of the combination of daylighting from skylight in each contemporary art museums are clarified by these four types of methods.%自然光は，時間や季節によって変化し空間の印象に大きな影響を与える要素の一つである.特に，上方から採り入れられる光は，パンテオンにみられるように古くから多くの建築に用いられてきた.このような上方から光を採り入れる，天井に設けられた窓であるトップライトには，室內の一部に周囲に比べて極端に明るい場所をつくる天井の一部に穿たれたものや，室内全体を均質な明るさにする天井全面に反復されたもの，室内を外部空間のように光で満たす天井全面がガラスで覆われたものなど，様々な形態がみられる.