Evacuation simulation and layout optimization of cruise ship based on cellular automata

摘要

This paper focuses on the pedestrian evacuation simulation and layout optimization of the cruise ship on the basis of cellular automata. The deck is meshed, and coordinate difference method is used to obtain the distance from cell to the exit and influencing factors of the static floor field for pedestrian. Influencing factors of the dynamic floor field are also obtained with the attraction of mainstream crowd for pedestrians and mutual exclusivity of pedestrians taken into account. The transition probability of pedestrian is calculated by weighting influencing factors of the static floor field and the dynamic floor field and then establishing attraction factors for the global cell. The evacuation process is simulated with VC++, and the total of evacuation time steps is obtained. Based on this, cabins are converted to layout modules, and different attribute values are assigned to different types of modules. With changing positions of modules, new layout schemes are developed using genetic algorithm, and meanwhile, attraction factors of cells are updated. The layout scheme is optimized for smallest total of evacuation time steps which is 14.5% smaller than the original scheme. Furthermore, the influence of different factors on the evacuation efficiency is discussed.