Determination of PCBs in Fish Tissues Using Supercritical Fluid Extraction

摘要

Methods in common use for the determination of PCBs in fish are time-consuming, expose workers to toxic solvents, and generate significant volumes of hazardous wastes. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), with CO_2 and solid-phase cryogenic trapping, was applied to the analysis of PCBs in lyophilized fish tissues. Method evaluations were conducted using standard amended tissues and by comparison of SFE results to those obtained from conventional extraction procedures performed intra- and extramurally on fish with field-incurred PCBs. Good results for a range of PCBs were obtained after optimization of SFE conditions. Extraction required only 40 min per sample and could be automated. Extracts were collected directly in GC autosampler vials. Addition of alumina to the extraction vessel eliminated the need for offline extract purification, despite the high lipid content of the tissues. Organic solvent usage was limited to 2 mL, in contrast to conventional procedures which require several orders of magnitude more solvent.