Impact of triglycerides and waist circumference on insulin resistance and β-cell function in non-diabetic first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetes

摘要

Although there is abundant evidence indicating the relative contribution of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and β-cell dysfunction (HOMA-β) among first-degree relatives (FDRs) of Type 2 DM patients, few studies reported the association between HOMA-IR and HOMA-β with metabolic syndrome. Our objective was to evaluate the impact of metabolic syndrome factors on HOMA-IR, HOMA-β and glycoproteins in non-diabetic FDRs. In this study, 103 Yemeni male subjects aged 25–42?years, with BMI??25?kg/m2 were examined, 39 of whom were normal subjects with no family history of diabetes served as control and 64 subjects were non-diabetic FDRs of Type 2 DM patients. Both glycoproteins, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and fructosamine as well as insulin, HOMA-IR and HOMA-β were significantly (p?=?4.9?×?10?9; 6.0?×?10?8; 6.6?×?10?12; 1.3?×?10?7; 5.5?×?10?12, respectively) higher in non-diabetic FDRs as compared to control group. Fasting plasma glucose, though within normal range, were significantly (p?=?0.026) higher in non-diabetic FDRs. Linear regression analysis showed that both TG and WC are the main metabolic syndrome factors that significantly increased HOMA-IR (B?=?0.334, p?=?1.97?×?10?6; B?=?0.024, p?=?1.05?×?10?5), HOMA-β (B?=?16.8, p?=?6.8?×?10?5; B?=?0.95, p?=?0.004), insulin (B?=?16.5, p?=?1.2?×?10?6; B?=?1.19, p?=?8.3?×?10?6) and HbA1c (B?=?0.001, p?=?0.034; B?=?0.007, p?=?0.037). Triglyceride and WC are the important metabolic syndrome factors associated with insulin resistance, basal β-cell function and insulin levels in non-diabetic FDR men of Type 2 DM patients. Moreover, FDRs showed insulin resistance with compensatory β-cell function (hyperinsulinaemia) suggesting that insulin resistance precede the development of pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in individuals at risk of Type 2 DM.