Study on dynamic characteristics of underwater pressure compensator considering nonlinearity

摘要

The external pressure is the biggest problem faced by underwater hydraulic systems. The strength and sealing ability of the structure are facing enormous challenges. For this problem, the common solution is to use pressure compensation technology. The pressure of the seawater is transmitted to the inside of the hydraulic system through a pressure compensator, which equalizes the return pressure of the hydraulic system and the seawater pressure. The structure of the compensation system, the volume and dynamic characteristics of the compensator, and the compensation failure caused by hydraulic oil leakage will all affect the normal operation of the underwater equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to study the pressure compensation system. This paper analyzes the pressure characteristics of the rubber-bellows type compensator. The dynamic characteristic equation of the pressure is established. Due to the strong nonlinear nature of rubber, the finite element method is used to simulate the deformation process of the rubber-bellows type pressure compensator. The relationship between the volume variation and the spring displacement of the rubber-bellows type pressure compensator is calculated by FE simulation. The relationship is brought into the theoretical equation result to obtain the pressure characteristics of the compensator. Through the control variable method, the influence of damping, total mass, effective area and spring stiffness on the internal pressure of the compensator is obtained. According to the analysis result, the damping ratio should be appropriately increased to reduce the overshoot of pressure fluctuations in the design. Since the damping is difficult to control, the total mass of the end cap, the guide post, the rubber bellows and the spring can be minimized. It also reduces the quality of the equipment. The spring stiffness and effective area have a significant influence on the steady-state pressure. A softer spring should be used and the effective area should be increased as much as possible to reduce the final steady-state pressure.