De l’innovation héro?que au Technocène. Réflexions sur l’histoire des techniques à l’ère des crises écologiques [From Heroic Innovation to Technocene: Reflections on the History of Technology in the Era of Ecological Crises]

摘要

Contemporary ecological crises and environmental devastation chal-lenge the dominant narratives of the history of technology, which are linear and triumphalist, emphasizing successful innovations and an accumulation of continuous progress and which were demanding part of our historicity regime. The article explores the different proposals of an alternative history of multi-temporal techniques that is no long-er isolated from political, social, cultural or ecological issues and that is more attentive to forgotten experiments and technological solu-tions of the past long considered marginal or retrograde. It is a question of rethinking the ontology of techniques and their history to rediscover the share of political, military or ideological choices they entail and to act, in the present, on our relationship to technology, a central issue in our contemporary relationship to the world.