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摘要

HOLDS ARE ONE OF THE MOST DREADED aspects of the instrument rating practical test, and once certificated, most pilots fly a lifetime hoping never to have to relive that experience while flying in the system. Although most attention is placed on how to enter the hold, that is getting ahead of the most important issue-knowing exactly where to hold, and for how long. Building the hold is the first step in the process, whether the FAA has already done most of the work by charting it or you have to start from scratch with the controller's instructions. Used anytime air traffic control needs to press the pause button, holds can come soon after departure; en route; on a missed approach; or, most likely, in the arrival phase. The FAA anticipates holding in many circumstances, and so publishes holds on en route and approach charts.