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Aristotle’s Concept of Virtue in the Context of Contemporary Nigeria

机译:当代尼日利亚语境下亚里士多德的美德观念

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For over two decades now Nigeria has been named among the most corrupt countries in the world by transparency international. This is surprising considering the religiosity of its citizens. Nigeria is a very religious country with the three major religions (Muslim, Christianity and traditional religion) having a good number of adherents. The question that spurred up this research is; why is Nigeria lacking so much behind in virtue in spite of its seeming religiosity? In attempt to answer the question, the researcher was forced to agree with Aristotle that, words alone do not spring up virtue in humans. Aristotle believes that virtue does not arise in man by chance but through forced habituation. He believes that humans when left uncontrolled would always tend towards the vicious, because their souls are being led by the passions instead of reason. To allow reason to rule, the passions need to be forced to subject to the ruling of reason. This force is therefore necessary, because the passions cannot be persuaded by mere words to listen to reason – it is only the language of force that could compel the passions to the good. This paper believes that if force through the law as Aristotle advises is employed in Nigeria, the country would produce virtues. This is necessary, because Nigerians have proven Aristotle right, by showing that words and advice alone do not prop up virtue.
机译:在过去的二十多年中,尼日利亚被国际透明组织评为世界上最腐败的国家之一。考虑到其公民的宗教信仰,这令人惊讶。尼日利亚是一个非常虔诚的国家,其三大宗教(穆斯林,基督教和传统宗教)拥有大量信徒。促使这项研究的问题是;为什么尼日利亚似乎有宗教信仰,却在优势方面却落后这么多?为了回答这个问题,研究人员被迫同意亚里斯多德的观点,即单凭文字就无法在人类中产生美德。亚里士多德认为,美德不是通过偶然的机会而是通过强迫习惯而在人体内产生的。他认为,人类如果不受控制就会总是趋向恶性,因为他们的灵魂是由激情而不是理性主导的。为了让理性能够统治,激情必须被迫服从理性的裁决。因此,这种力量是必要的,因为不能仅凭言语就可以说服激情去听理性–只有力量的语言才能将激情强迫为美好。本文认为,如果按照亚里士多德的建议通过法律强制使用武力,尼日利亚将产生美德。这是必要的,因为尼日利亚人已经证明了亚里斯多德的权利,仅表明言论和建议并不能支撑美德。

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