Therapeutic Efficacy of Fenugreek Extract or/and Choline with Docosahexaenoic Acid in Attenuating Learning and Memory Deficits in Ovariectomized Rats.

摘要

Background: Studies have demonstrated that estradiolinfluences cognitive functions. Phytoestrogens andmany other estrogen-like compounds in plants havebeneficial effects on cognitive performance inpostmenopausal women. However, there is no evidentreport of fenugreek and choline-Docosahexaenoic Acid(DHA) on cognition in ovariectomized rats. Aim andObjectives: The present study was aimed to evaluate thetherapeutic efficacy of fenugreek extract or/and choline-DHA in attenuating ovariectomy-induced memoryimpairment, brain antioxidant status and hippocampalneural cell deficits in the rat model. Material andMethods: Female Wistar 9-10 months old rats weregrouped (n=12/group) as - (1) Normal Control (NC), (2)Ovariectomized (OVX), (3) OVX+FG (hydroalcoholicseed extract of fenugreek), (4) OVX+C-DHA,(5)OVX+FG+C-DHA and (6) OVX+Estradiol. Groups 2-6 were bilaterally OVX. FG, C-DHA was supplementedorally for 30 days, 14 days after ovariectomy.Assessment of learning and memory was performed bypassive avoidance test. Oxidative stress and antioxidantmarkers were assessed by standard methods. Nisslstained hippocampal sections were analyzed todetermine alterations in neural cell numbers in CA1,CA3 and dentate gyrus. Results: Supplementation ofFG or/and choline with DHA to OVX rats, causedsignificant improvement in learning and memory aswell as decreased neural cell deficits compared to thesame in OVX rats. Further, significantly reduced levelsof brain Malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased levelsof Glutathione (GSH) were observed. Conclusion:Therapeutic supplementation of FG with choline-DHAsignificantly attenuates ovariectomy-induced neurocognitivedeficits in rats.