The effectiveness of physical activity in preventing type 2 diabetes in high risk individuals using well-structured interventions: a systematic review

摘要

The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effectiveness of well-structured interventions which promote physical activity in high risk individuals with type 2 diabetes. Using ISI web of knowledge and PubMed data bases in addition to snowballing, a total of 19 articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Five articles were related to diabetes prevention interventions in USA. Four articles were related to diabetes prevention interventions in the UK. Five were related to diabetes prevention interventions in Finland. Five interventions were identified in Netherlands, India, China, Brazil and Australia. The review found strong evidence regarding the effectiveness of well-structured physical activity interventions in reducing the incidence of type 2 diabetes. Moreover, well-structured interventions were also found to be effective in restoring glucose measures including fasting plasma glucose and 2h plasma glucose. However, there was weak evidence regarding the effectiveness of well-structured interventions in increasing the level of physical activity. The review suggests using well-structured lifestyle interventions which include both physical activity and dietary advice. More research regarding the effectiveness of single physical activity interventions in preventing type 2 diabetes is recommended.