Major Chemical Composition of Fruit Extracts of Morinda citrifolia L. and their Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxicity Properties

摘要

Background and Objective: Morinda citrifolia L. has been reported as a medicinal plant for treatment of abscesses and microbial infections. Thus, this study was conduced to isolate and identify the major constituents of the ethanolic extract of M. citrifolia fruit and also to evaluate their antibacterial, antioxidant and cytotoxicity properties. Materials and Methods: Isolation procedures included silica gel 60 column chromatography and thin layer chromatography. Identification of purified compounds was archived by spectroscopic methods. The antibacterial, antioxidant and cytotoxicity properties of purified compounds were carried out. Results: On the basis of the spectral data, the major compounds were isolated and identified as rutin (1) and asperulosidic acid (2) with yield of 9.28 and 7.71% (w/v), respectively. Antibacterial activity of crude extract and isolated compounds was evaluated by disc diffusion, MIC and MBC against Staphylococcus aureu , Bacillus subtilis , Escherichia coli , Salmonella typhimurium and methicillin-resistance Staphylococcus aureus SP6-106. The crude extract exhibited an antimicrobial activity at a dose level of 15 mg discsup?1/sup, while the isolated compounds exhibited an excellent antimicrobial activity at a dose level of 3.75 μg discsup?1/sup in all test micro-organisms for disc diffusion method. Compound 2 showed the lowest MIC (8 μg mLsup?1/sup) against S. aureus , while compound 1 showed the lowest MIC (16 μg mLsup?1/sup) against E. coli . However, compounds 1 and 2 had high MIC values (512 μg mLsup?1/sup) against B. subtilis . Compound 1 showed the lowest MBC (16 μg mLsup?1/sup) against E. coli , while the compound 2 showed the lowest MBC (8 μg mLsup?1/sup) against S. aureus whereas these compounds had high MBC values (512 μg mLsup?1/sup) against B. subtilis . The compound 1 had the highest antioxidant activity with SCsub50/sub values of 68.45 μg mLsup?1/sup, while compound 2 and the crude extract had antioxidant activity with SCsub50/sub values of 103.32 and 150.22 μg mLsup?1/sup, respectively. The cytotoxicity activity of the crude extract and isolated compounds was observed and showed weak cytotoxicity activity with ICsub50/sub values of 1352.67-2780.80 and 1524.19-2854.06 μg mLsup?1/sup toward L929 and HEK293 cell lines, respectively. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the major compounds isolated from the crude extract of M. citrifolia fruits in Nakorn Pathom, Thailand were rutin and asperulosidic acid, which have antibacterial, antioxidant and cytotoxicity properties. They may provide promising improvements in the therapeutic approach to infectious diseases and oxidative stress treatments.