An Analysis of the Equal Opportunity of Graduate Students in China’s First-class Universities Based on the Enrollment Policy

摘要

Based on the theory of social justice in New Ethics and Rawls’s theory of justice, this paper discussed the connotation of equal opportunity for postgraduate entrance in china. Taking China’s 42 first-class universities as an example, the practice level of equal opportunity was evaluated in postgraduate entrance, from two dimensions, including academic degree postgraduate and professional degree postgraduate, through constructed the opportunity inequality index. Based on the two kinds of causes and three concrete manifestations of unequal opportunities, the quantitative analysis is carried out through the introduction of the unequal contribution degree. In the end, some suggestions are put forward to promote the equal opportunity of postgraduate entrance, such as “reducing discriminatory conditions of applicants, opening enrollment requirements”, “increasing the number of univesities that have the candidates who exempted from unified-examination, and setting up reasonable enrollment plan of this type candidates”.