Different levels of turnip (Raphanus sativus) cake as additive in elephant grass silage

摘要

Theaimofthestudywastoevaluatetheeffectsoftheinclusionofdifferentlevelsofturnipcake(TNF)onthechemicalcomposition,digestibilityandqualityofelephantgrasssilage.nbsp;Duetothequalityoftheoilextractedfromtheseeds,theturnipisbeingconsideredasanimportantoptionforthebiodieselindustryinBrazil.Theturnipcakeisobtainedfromthemechanicalpressingoftheseedstoproduceoil,anditdiffersfromthemealbythecontentoffat.Inthemealthefatislessthan1%,duetotheuseofsolventsfortheoilextraction.Experimentalsiloswereusedinacompletelyrandomizeddesign,infactorialarrangement2x3(twotypesofmaterialandfourlevelsofinclusion).Thematerialswererepresentedfororiginalmaterial(fresh)andensiledmaterial,withfourlevelsofinclusionofTNF(0,3,6,and9%).Drymatter(DM),etherextract(EE),crudeprotein(CP),neutraldetergentfiber(NDF),aciddetergentfiber(ADF),nitrogenindigestibleneutraldetergent(NIDN),nitrogenindigestibleaciddetergent(NIDA),ash(MM),lignin(LIG),bufferpower(PT),calcium(Ca),phosphorus(P)andinvitrodrymatterdigestibility(IVDDM)weredeterminedinallmaterials.Insilage,additionally,weredeterminedpHandamoniacalnitrogen(NH3-N).nbsp;TherewereeffectsofinclusionofTNFandthetypeofmaterialontheDM,CP,ADF,NIDA,P,andMMcontentsandonIVDDM.TheinteractionofthetwofactorswasobservedtothecontentsofCP,NDF,ADF,NIDA,CaandIVDDM.Insilage,theDMlevelswerelower(P0.05)thaninoriginalmaterial.ThevaluesofDMwereincreasedlinearlyasincreasedlevelsofinclusionofTNF.Thefibrouscomponents,includingNIDNandNIDA,decreasedlinearlywhentheTNFincreased.Inalltreatments,valuesofpHandN-NH3consideredidealforgoodsilagewereobserved.TheIVDDMwasreduced,linearly,withtheadditionofincreasinglevelsofTNF.Anegativecorrelation(-0.95)betweenIVDDMandcontentofEEmayexplainthetendencyofthisvariable,duetotheEEcontentincreasedlinearlywiththeadditionofTNF.TheadditionofTNFasanadditiveinsilageofelephantdiminishedIVDDM.nbsp;ConsideringthechangesobservedinthechemicalcompositionanddigestibilityofelephantgrasssilagewithTNFasadditive,suggeststhatthisshouldnotbeincludedatlevelsexceeding3%.Ontheotherhand,thesilageswithTNFasadditiveshowedappropriatefermentationcharacteristics.