IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF KAEMPFERIA PANDURATA ROXB. AND CURCUMA XANTHORRHIZA ROXB. EXTRACTS IN COMBINATION WITH CERTAIN ANTIBIOTICS AGAINST MSSA AND MRSA

摘要

Objective: The aim of this study was to find an alternative treatment of MRSA infection. We evaluated the interaction of in vitro antibacterial activity of Kaempferia pandurata Roxb. (rhizome) or Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. (rhizome) ethanolic extracts combined with commonly used antibiotics, namely penicillin V, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin HCl, and tetracycline HCl. Methods: Interaction between the plant extracts and antibiotics against Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were tested by checkerboard method and interpreted as Fractional Inhibitory Concentration (FIC) index. Results: Kaempferia pandurata showed a synergistic effect on all antibiotics tested against MSSA. Against MRSA, however, only combinations of Kaempferia pandurata and penicillin V or ampicillin which showed synergism, while others were antagonisms. Meanwhile, with Curcuma xanthorrhiza , only its combination with ampicillin which resulted in synergistic effect against both MSSA and MRSA, others resulted in various interaction responses against MSSA and MRSA. Conclusion: Interaction between Kaempferia pandurata and penicillin V or ampicillin and that between Curcuma xanthorrhiza and ampicillin resulted in synergistic effect against MRSA. These combinations are promising to be developed as an alternative strategy to treat MRSA. Keywords: Antibacterial activity, Plants extract–drug interaction, MSSA, MRSA.