Biomaterials for Hernia Repair in Animals; a Review

摘要

Hernia is a common surgical affection of animals and its treatment may vary from simple herniorrhaphy to hernioplasty depending on the size of the defects. Because of associated complications, synthetic materials are now being replaced by biological materials like acellular dermal grafts, acellular diaphragm, acellular aorta etc. Seeding of either embryonic or mesenchymal stem cells on grafts has found to ameliorate the healing time and cosmetic appearance. Skin fibroblasts possess the ability to inhibit the invitro expansion of T lymphocytes. Like mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), fibroblasts also secrete modulatory molecules like PGE2 and nitric oxide. Stem cell seeded bioengineered acellular grafts proved to be more effective than non seeded grafts as they reduce the immunogenicity of grafts and this seems to be a growing field in hernial treatment. This review article discusses decellularization, tissue engineering and use of acellular collagen matrices and fibroblast seeded scaffolds in hernioplasty.