T helper type 2 (T H 2) cells were previously thought to be the main initiating effector cell type in asthma; however, exaggerated T H 2 cell activities alone were insufficient to explain all aspects of asthma. Asthma is a heterogeneous syndrome comprising different phenotypes that are characterized by their different clinical features, treatment responses, and inflammation patterns. The most-studied subgroups of asthma include T H 2-associated early-onset allergic asthma, late-onset persistent eosinophilic asthma, virus-induced asthma, obesity-related asthma, and neutrophilic asthma. The recent discovery of human innate lymphoid cells capable of rapidly producing large amounts of cytokines upon activation and the mouse data pointing to an essential role for these cells in asthma models have emphasized the important role of the innate immune system in asthma and have provided a new means of better understanding asthma mechanisms and differentiating its phenotypes.
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机译：以前认为T辅助2型（T H 2）细胞是哮喘的主要起始效应细胞。然而，仅夸张的T H 2细胞活性不足以解释哮喘的所有方面。哮喘是一种异质综合症，包括不同的表型，其特征在于其不同的临床特征，治疗反应和炎症模式。研究最多的哮喘亚组包括与T H 2相关的早期发作的过敏性哮喘，晚期发作的持续嗜酸性粒细胞性哮喘，病毒性哮喘，肥胖相关性哮喘和中性粒细胞性哮喘。最近发现的人类先天淋巴样细胞能够在激活后迅速产生大量细胞因子，而小鼠数据指出了这些细胞在哮喘模型中的重要作用，这突显了先天免疫系统在哮喘中的重要作用，并提供了一种新的方法。更好地了解哮喘机制并区分其表型的方法。
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