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Effects of fuel-bound methyl groups and fuel flow rate in the diffusion flames of aromatic fuels on the formation of volatile PAHs

机译:芳香族燃料扩散火焰中结合燃料的甲基和燃料流速对挥发性多环芳烃形成的影响

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摘要

Aromatic hydrocarbons constitute a significant fraction of fossil-derived transportation fuels. They are also used as additives to suppress autoignition and to increase fuel energy density. However, they produce harmful polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and soot during combustion. In this work, the effects of methyl group(s) and the flow rate of aromatic fuels (benzene, toluene, and m-xylene) on the concentration of volatile PAHs bound to soot formed in diffusion flames are studied. Soxhlet extraction using dichloromethane as the solvent is used to extract PAHs from soot particles collected from the flames of aromatic fuels. The extracts are analyzed using a gas chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrometer. Among the sixteen priority PAHs, fifteen of them are detected on soot particles along with benzo(e)pyrene and other organic compounds such as oxygenated compounds and mono-aromatic hydrocarbons. The PAHs containing two to three aromatic rings were found to be in higher concentrations than those with four or more rings. The total amount of PAHs collected at different fuel flow rates from the three aromatic fuels increased marginally in the following order: benzenetoluene m-xylene. With increasing fuel flow rate, while the soot emission increased drastically, the concentration of volatile PAHs increased nearly linearly at a very slow rate. The toxicity of soot particles from different flames with increasing fuel flow rate is also reported. (C) 2018 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
机译:芳香烃占化石衍生运输燃料的很大一部分。它们还用作抑制自燃并增加燃料能量密度的添加剂。但是,它们在燃烧过程中会产生有害的多环芳烃(PAH)和烟灰。在这项工作中,研究了甲基和芳香燃料(苯,甲苯和间二甲苯)的流量对扩散火焰中形成的与烟灰结合的挥发性多环芳烃浓度的影响。使用二氯甲烷作为溶剂的索氏提取用于从芳香燃料火焰收集的烟尘颗粒中提取多环芳烃。使用连接到质谱仪的气相色谱仪分析提取物。在16种优先PAH中,其中15种与苯并(e)re和其他有机化合物(如氧化化合物和单芳烃)一起在烟尘颗粒上被检测到。发现含有2至3个芳香环的PAH的浓度高于具有4个或更多环的PAH。从三种芳香燃料中以不同的燃料流量收集的PAH总量按以下顺序略有增加:苯<甲苯<间二甲苯。随着燃料流量的增加,尽管烟尘排放量急剧增加,但挥发性PAHs的浓度却以非常缓慢的速度线性增加。还报告了随着燃料流量的增加,来自不同火焰的烟尘颗粒的毒性。 (C)2018年燃烧研究所。由Elsevier Inc.出版。保留所有权利。

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