Phthalimide Polymer Donor Guests Enable over 17% Efficient Organic Solar Cells via Parallel-Like Ternary and Quaternary Strategies

摘要

Ternary strategies show over 16% efficiencies with increased current/voltage owing to complementary absorption/aligned energy level contributions. However, poor understanding of how the guest components tune the active layer structures still makes rational selection of material systems challenging. In this study, two phthalimide based ultrawide bandgap polymer donor guests are synthesized. Parallel energies between the highest occupied molecular orbitals of host and guest polymers are achieved via incorporating selnophene on the guest polymer. Solid-state(19)F magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic spectroscopy, graze-incidence wide-angle X-ray diffraction, elemental transmission electron microscopy mapping, and transient absorption spectroscopy are combined to characterize the active layer structures. Formation of the individual guest phases selectively improves the structural order of donor and acceptor phase. The increased electron mobility in combination with the presence of the additional paths made by the guest not only minimizes the influence on charge generation and transport of the host system but also contributes to increasing the overall current generation. Therefore, phthalimide based polymers can be potential candidates that enable the simultaneous increase of open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current-density via fine-tuning energy levels and the formation of additional paths for enhancing current generation in parallel-like multicomponent organic solar cells.