PEER REVIEW IN THE ORGANIZATIONAL AND MANAGEMENT SCIENCES: PREVALENCE AND EFFECTS OF REVIEWER HOSTILITY, BIAS, AND DISSENSUS

摘要

Peer review is used in most scientific disciplines to assess the value of new knowledge presented in journal submissions. Individuals well versed in the appropriate research domain evaluate the quality of ideas, empirical rigor, and overall contribution conveyed by a manuscript. In essence, they serve a gate-keeping role by helping to filter out low-quality work (Crane, 1967; de Grazia, 1963). By so doing, they help to protect the integrity of the scientific enterprise and the status of established scholars, whose own claims to preeminence would be undermined by the publication of inferior work, particularly if that work were published in high-quality outlets (Cummings, Frost, & Vakil, 1985).