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Anaerobic respiration coupled with mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis in wax ester fermentation by Euglena gracilis

机译:无性呼吸结合线粒体脂肪酸合成蜡藻的蜡酯发酵。

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摘要

In Euglena gracilis, wax ester fermentation produces ATP during anaerobiosis. Here, we report that anaerobic wax ester production is suppressed when the mitochondrial electron transport chain complex I is inhibited by rotenone, whereas it is increased by the uncoupler carbonyl cyanide m‐chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP). The ADP/ATP ratio in anaerobic cells is elevated by treatment with either rotenone or CCCP. Gene silencing experiments indicate that acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase, electron transfer flavoprotein (ETF), and rhodoquinone (RQ) participate in wax ester production. These results suggest that fatty acids are synthesized in mitochondria by the reversal of β‐oxidation, where trans‐2‐enoyl‐CoA is reduced mainly by acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase using the electrons provided by NADH via the electron transport chain complex I, RQ, and ETF, and that ATP production is highly supported by anaerobic respiration utilizing trans‐2‐enoyl‐CoA as a terminal electron acceptor.
机译:在细叶藻(Euglena gracilis)中,蜡酯发酵在厌氧过程中产生ATP。在这里,我们报告说,鱼藤酮抑制线粒体电子传输链复合物I时,厌氧蜡酯的产生受到抑制,而解偶联剂羰基氰化物间氯苯hydr(CCCP)则增加了厌氧蜡酯的产生。通过鱼藤酮或CCCP处理可提高厌氧细胞中的ADP / ATP比。基因沉默实验表明,酰基辅酶A脱氢酶,电子转移黄素(ETF)和杜鹃酮(RQ)参与蜡酯的生产。这些结果表明,脂肪酸是通过逆转β-氧化反应而在线粒体中合成的,其中反式2-烯丙基-辅酶A主要通过酰基辅酶A脱氢酶被NADH通过电子传输链复合体I,RQ,和ETF,利用反式-2-烯丙基-CoA作为末端电子受体的厌氧呼吸可高度支持ATP的产生。

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