Tumour cell-derived debris and IgG synergistically promote metastasis of pancreatic cancer by inducing inflammation via tumour-associated macrophages

摘要

IL-1β released from alternatively activated macrophages stimulated by necrotic cancer cell debris. CD68 , CD163 and CD206 tumour-associated macrophages in the human PDAC samples. Scale bar represents 50 µm. Changes in the mRNA levels of and indicated M2 polarisation of THP-1-derived macrophages in the presence of IL-4/IL-13. Changes in CD68, CD163 and CD206 expression levels indicated M2 polarisation of THP-1-derived macrophages in the presence of PMA and IL-4/IL-13 (superior panel), or M2 polarisation of PBMC-derived macrophages in the presence of M-CSF (inferior panel). The secreted IL-1β level in M2 polarised macrophages derived from THP-1 (left panel) and human PBMCs (right panel) in the presence of IgG and/or BxPC-3 debris. Immunoblotting showing enhanced IL-1β levels in the presence of debris stimulation and IgG. Levels of macrophage phenotypic markers including ARG1, NOS2, MRC1 and CD163 in the presence of IgG, BxPC-3 debris or both. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. **  P