Methods and application of coherent X-ray diffraction imaging of noncrystalline particles

摘要

Schematic on the geometry of the cXDI experiment. is the scattering vector length defined as  = 2sin / , where 2 is a diffraction angle and is the wavelength of X-ray. and are the propagation vectors of the incident X-ray and diffracted X-ray in the direction of observation, respectively. Diffraction pattern from a single nucleus of budding yeast ( ). The nucleus was irradiated by a single XFEL pulse with a wavelength of 0.225 nm. The diffraction pattern is composed of a number of speckle peaks. The black square at the center is the shadow of the beamstop. The black lines are the gaps between panels in the detector. The diffraction patterns hereafter are visualized by using the ImageJ program suite (Schneider et al. )