Combining a PI3K inhibitor with a PARP inhibitor provides an effective therapy for BRCA1-related breast cancer

摘要

There is a need to improve treatments for metastatic breast cancer. Here we show activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and MAP kinase (MAPK) pathways in a MMTV-CreBRCA1^f/fp53+/− mouse model of breast cancer. When treated with the pan-Class IA PI3K-inhibitor NVP-BKM120, tumor doubling was delayed from 5 to 26 days. NVP-BKM120 reduced AKT phosphorylation, tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Resistant tumors maintained suppression of AKT phosphorylation but exhibited activation of the MAPK-pathway at the “pushing margin”. Surprisingly, PI3K-inhibition increased indicators of DNA damage, poly-ADP-ribosylation and γH2AX, but decreased Rad51 focus formation, suggesting a critical role of PI3K activity for Rad51 recruitment. PARP-inhibitor Olaparib alone attenuated tumor growth modestly; however, the combination of NVP-BKM120 and Olaparib delayed tumor doubling to more than 70 days in the mouse model and over 50 days in xenotransplants from human BRCA1-related tumors, suggesting that combined PI3K- and PARP-inhibition might be effective treatment for BRCA1-related tumors.