In short-term studies, block periodization of high-intensity training (HIT) has been shown to be an effective strategy that enhances performance and related physiological factors. However, long-term studies and detailed investigations of macro, meso, and micro-periodization of HIT blocks in world-class endurance athletes are currently lacking. In a recent study, we showed that the world’s most successful cross-country (XC) skier used two different periodization models with success throughout her career. One including extensive use of HIT blocks, namely BP, and one using a traditional method namely TRAD. In this study, we compare BP with TRAD in two comparable successful seasons and provide a detailed description of the annual use of HIT blocks in BP. The participant is the most-decorated winter Olympian, with 8 Olympic gold medals, 18 world championship titles, and 114 world cup victories. Training data was categorized by training form (endurance, strength, and speed), intensity [low (LIT), moderate (MIT), and HIT], and mode (running, cycling, and skiing/roller skiing). No significant difference was found in the total endurance training load between BP and TRAD. However, training volume in BP was lower compared to TRAD (15 ± 6 vs. 18 ± 7 h/wk, P = 0.001), mainly explained by less LIT (13 ± 5 vs. 15 ± 5 h/wk, P = 0.004). Lower volume of MIT was also performed in BP compared to TRAD (13 vs. 38 sessions/year), whereas the amount of HIT was higher in BP (157 vs. 77 sessions/year). While BP included high amounts of HIT already from the first preparation period, followed by a reduction toward the competition period, TRAD had a progressive increase in HIT toward the competition period. In BP, the athlete performed seven HIT blocks, varying from 7 to 11 days, each including 8–13 HIT sessions. This study provides novel insights into successful utilization of two different periodization models in the worlds best XC skier, and illustrates the macro, meso and micro- periodization of HIT blocks to increase the overall amount of HIT.
展开▼
机译：在短期研究中，高强度训练（HIT）的间歇训练已被证明是一种有效的策略，可以提高运动成绩和相关的生理因素。但是，目前尚缺乏对世界级耐力运动员HIT块的宏观，中观和微观周期的长期研究和详细研究。在最近的一项研究中，我们表明，世界上最成功的越野（XC）滑雪者在她的整个职业生涯中都使用了两种不同的分期付款模式。一种包括广泛使用HIT块（即BP），另一种使用传统方法（即TRAD）。在这项研究中，我们将BP与TRAD在两个可比较的成功季节中进行了比较，并提供了BP中HIT块每年使用的详细说明。参加者是装饰最丰富的冬季奥林匹克运动员，他获得了8枚奥运金牌，18项世界冠军头衔和114项世界杯冠军。训练数据按训练形式（耐力，力量和速度），强度[低（LIT），中度（MIT）和HIT]和模式（跑步，骑自行车和滑雪/滑旱冰）进行分类。在BP和TRAD之间的总耐力训练负荷上没有发现显着差异。但是，与TRAD相比，BP的训练量更低（15±6 vs. 18±7 h / wk，P = 0.001），主要是因为LIT较少（13±5 vs. 15±5 h / wk，P = 0.004） ）。与TRAD相比，在BP中进行的MIT量也较低（13对38疗程/年），而在BP中HIT的量更高（157对77疗程/年）。 BP从第一个准备阶段就已经包含了大量的HIT，随后在比赛期间有所减少，而TRAD在比赛期间的HIT却逐渐增加。在BP中，运动员进行了7次HIT训练，时间从7天到11天不等，每节包括8-13次HIT训练。这项研究为在世界上最好的XC滑雪者中成功利用两种不同的周期化模型提供了新颖的见解，并说明了HIT块的宏观，中观和微观周期化以增加HIT的总量。
展开▼
