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Anaerobic ammonium oxidation and its contribution to nitrogen removal in China’s coastal wetlands

机译:厌氧铵氧化及其对中国沿海湿地脱氮的贡献

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摘要

Over the past several decades, human activities have caused substantial enrichment of reactive nitrogen in China’s coastal wetlands. Although anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox), the process of oxidizing ammonium into dinitrogen gas through the reduction of nitrite, is identified as an important process for removing reactive nitrogen, little is known about the dynamics of anammox and its contribution to nitrogen removal in nitrogen-enriched environments. Here, we examine potential rates of anammox and associate them with bacterial diversity and abundance across the coastal wetlands of China using molecular and isotope tracing techniques. High anammox bacterial diversity was detected in China’s coastal wetlands and included Candidatus Scalindua, Kuenenia, Brocadia, and Jettenia. Potential anammox rates were more closely associated with the abundance of anammox bacteria than to their diversity. Among all measured environmental variables, temperature was a key environmental factor, causing a latitudinal distribution of the anammox bacterial community composition, biodiversity and activity along the coastal wetlands of China. Based on nitrogen isotope tracing experiments, anammox was estimated to account for approximately 3.8–10.7% of the total reactive nitrogen removal in the study area. Combined with denitrification, anammox can remove 20.7% of the total external terrigenous inorganic nitrogen annually transported into China’s coastal wetland ecosystems.
机译:在过去的几十年中,人类活动导致中国沿海湿地的活性氮大量增加。尽管厌氧铵氧化(anammox)是通过还原亚硝酸盐将铵氧化成二氧化氮的过程,被认为是去除反应性氮的重要过程,但对厌氧氨化动力学及其对脱氮的贡献知之甚少。丰富的环境。在这里,我们使用分子和同位素示踪技术研究了厌氧氨氧化的潜在发生率,并将其与中国沿海湿地的细菌多样性和丰度相关联。在中国的沿海湿地中发现了较高的厌氧菌细菌多样性,包括念珠菌,卡尼尼亚,布罗卡迪亚和杰特尼亚。潜在的厌氧菌发生率与厌氧菌的丰富度比它们的多样性更紧密相关。在所有测得的环境变量中,温度是关键的环境因素,导致中国沿海湿地厌氧菌细菌群落组成,生物多样性和活动的纬度分布。根据氮同位素示踪实验,估计厌氧氨氧化约占研究区域总活性氮去除量的3.8–10.7%。结合反硝化作用,厌氧氨氧化技术可以去除每年运入中国沿海湿地生态系统的外部陆源无机氮总量的20.7%。

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