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The Role of Photon Scattering in Optical Signal Distortion during Arrhythmia and Defibrillation

机译:心律失常和除颤过程中光子散射在光信号失真中的作用

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摘要

Optical mapping of arrhythmias and defibrillation provides important insights; however, a limitation of the technique is signal distortion due to photon scattering. The goal of this experimental/simulation study is to investigate the role of three-dimensional photon scattering in optical signal distortion during ventricular tachycardia (VT) and defibrillation. A three-dimensional realistic bidomain rabbit ventricular model was combined with a model of photon transport. Shocks were applied via external electrodes to induce sustained VT, and transmembrane potentials (Vm) were compared with synthesized optical signals (Vopt). Fluorescent recordings were conducted in isolated rabbit hearts to validate simulation results. Results demonstrate that shock-induced membrane polarization magnitude is smaller in Vopt and in experimental signals as compared to Vm. This is due to transduction of potentials from weakly polarized midmyocardium to the epicardium. During shock-induced reentry and in sustained VT, photon scattering, combined with complex wavefront dynamics, results in optical action potentials near a filament exhibiting i), elevated resting potential, ii), reduced amplitude relative to pacing, and iii), dual-humped morphologies. A shift of up to 4 mm in the phase singularity location was observed in Vopt maps when compared to Vm. This combined experimental/simulation study provides an interpretation of optical recordings during VT and defibrillation.
机译:心律失常和除颤的光学成像提供了重要的见识;然而,该技术的局限性是由于光子散射引起的信号失真。这项实验/模拟研究的目的是研究三维光子散射在心动过速(VT)和除颤过程中光学信号失真中的作用。三维逼真的双域兔心室模型与光子传输模型相结合。通过外部电极施加电击以诱导持续的VT,并将跨膜电位(Vm)与合成光信号(Vopt)进行比较。在离体的兔心脏中进行荧光记录以验证模拟结果。结果表明,与Vm相比,在Vopt和实验信号中,震动引起的膜极化幅度较小。这是由于电位从弱极化的心肌中期传导至心外膜。在激波诱发的折返和持续的VT中,光子散射与复杂的波前动力学相结合,会导致灯丝附近的光学动作电位呈现出i),静息电位升高,ii),相对于起搏幅度降低,以及iii)双动-驼峰形态。与Vm相比,在Vopt映射中观察到了相位奇异性位置最多偏移4 mm的情况。这项综合的实验/模拟研究为VT和除颤期间的光学记录提供了解释。

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