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The tempo and modes of evolution of reproductive isolation in fungi

机译:真菌生殖分离的速度和进化模式

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摘要

Reproductive isolation is an essential ingredient of speciation, and much has been learned in recent years about the evolution of reproductive isolation and the genetics of reproductive barriers in animals and plants. Fungi have been neglected on these aspects, despite being tractable model eukaryotes. Here, we used a model fitting approach to look at the importance of different barriers to gene flow to explain the decrease of reproductive compatibility with genetic distance in fungi. We found support for the occurrence of reinforcement in the presyngamy compatibility among basidiomycetes. In contrast, no evidence for reinforcement was detected in ascomycetes, concurring with the idea that host/habitat adaptation in this group can pleiotropically cause reproductive isolation. We found no evidence of a snowballing accumulation of postsyngamic reproductive incompatibilities in either ascomycetes or the complex of anther smut fungi. Together with previous studies, our results suggest that ecologically based barriers to gene flow and karyotypic differences may have an important role in hybrid inviability and sterility in fungi. Interestingly, hybrid sterility appeared to evolve faster than hybrid inviability in fungi.
机译:生殖隔离是物种形成的重要组成部分,近年来,关于生殖隔离的进化以及动植物生殖屏障的遗传学知识已广为人知。尽管真菌是易处理的典型真核生物,但在这些方面却被忽略了。在这里,我们使用模型拟合的方法来考察不同障碍对基因流动的重要性,以解释真菌中遗传距离对生殖相容性的降低。我们发现支持在担子菌之间的前突配伍中增强。相反,在子囊菌中未检测到增强的证据,这与该组中宿主/栖息环境的适应可以多效性导致生殖隔离有关。我们没有发现在子囊菌或花药黑穗病真菌的复合体中,后阴道生殖不相容性迅速增加的证据。与以前的研究一起,我们的研究结果表明基因流和核型差异的生态学障碍可能在真菌的杂种无性和不育中起重要作用。有趣的是,杂种不育似乎比真菌中的杂种无性进化得更快。

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