论土地保障与社会保障的性质和关系

摘要

At present the facts that lacking of perfect modern social security service system in rural areas in China and the land provides a comprehensive safeguard naturally, which are interpreted as land has social security function by some scholars. In their minds, it is possible to use land management rights and other ways to construct the rural social security system under the background of the current rural. This implies two view-points, not only the land is in fact shouldering part of the social security function of rural areas, but also if the farmers access to the social insurance system, at the expense of giving up their land rights. The author thinks that there are some differences not only between natural protection function and social security of the land, but also between protection and social security caused by land transfer.Therefore,people should do their best to e-liminate the factors of land in the construction of rural social security,and it seems more useful to develop the social security in rural areas “on the way to land”.%当前我国农村缺乏完善的现代社会保障服务体系，以及土地天然地提供了一种综合性保障的事实，被一些学者解读为土地具有社会保障功能。他们认为，在当前农村政策政策背景下可以借助土地经营权流转等方式构建农村社会保障体系，这暗含着土地实际肩负着农村的部分社会保障职能和农民进入社会保障门槛需要以放弃土地权利为代价两个观点。土地的天然保障功能与社会保障之间具有异质性，土地流转带来的保障作用与社会保障之间同样具有异质性。应当尽量排除土地因素在农村社会保障建设中的作用，在“去土地化”的路向上似乎更有助于农村社会保障事业的发展。