薰衣草精油替代饲用抗生素对肉仔鸡生产性能和胴体品质的影响

摘要

[目的]研究日粮中添加薰衣草精油替代饲用抗生素对肉仔鸡生产性能及胴体品质的影响.[方法]将300只1日龄AA肉仔鸡随机分成4个处理组(每组设3个重复,每个重复25只),对照组饲喂基础日粮加抗生素,试验Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组日粮为基础日粮,分别添加薰衣草精油0.4、0.8、1.2(0～2周)和0.2、0.4和0.6 mL/kg(3 ～6周).[结果]日粮中添加薰衣草精油与添加抗生素比较,对肉仔鸡的平均日增重、料重比、死淘率和胴体品质等生产性能指标的影响不显著(P＞0.05)；除了试验组Ⅲ的腿肌率与抗生素组相比有显著降低外(P＜0.05),其它胴体品质指标与抗生素组相比无显著性差异(P＞0.05).试验组的平均死淘率(0.86％)低于抗生素组的死淘率(3.1％)；试验组Ⅰ比抗生素组日增重提高了1.87％ (P ＞0.05),料重比降低了0.53％ (P ＞0.05).[结论]从肉仔鸡41 d末重、料重比、死淘率等指标综合评定来看,用薰衣草精油替代肉仔鸡饲用抗生素是可行的,0～2周和3～6周日粮中分别添加薰衣草精油0.4和0.2 mL/kg的效果较好.%[ Objective] This research was conducted to study the effects of lavender essential oil replacing antibiotics in diet on performance, carcass quality of broilers. [ Method] Three hundreds 1 - day - old AA broilers were randomized into one control group and three trial groups with 3 replicates per group and 25 chickens per replicate. The control group was fed with diet, which was supplement a with antibiotics, while birds in the trial group I, II and III were fed with diet, which was supplemented with 0.4, 0. 8, 1.2(0-2 weeks) and 0. 2, 0. 4, 0. 8 mL/kg(3 - 6 weeks) of the lavender essential oil, to replace antibiotics, respectively. [Result] The results showed that there was not significant difference ( P > 0. 05 ) among the control group and the trial groups in production performances and main carcass quality. The leg portion rate of trial group III was significantly lower than that of control group(P 0.05) , respectively. The average death rate of there trial groups(0. 86% ) was lower than that of the control group (3. 1% ). The average daily gain of trial group I (the highest) was increased by 1. 87%. The feed intake to body weight ratio of the trial group I was decreased by 0. 53%. [ Conclusion] Evaluation of 41 d finish body weight, feed intake to body weight ratio and death rate of broilers, replacing lavender essential oil for antibiotic feed additive is suitable in the diet of broilers, and supplementation with 0. 4 ml of lavender essential oil per kg Jiet(0 - 2 weeks) and 0. 2 ml of lavender essential oil per kg diet(3 -6 weeks) are recommended.