不同物种油茶籽仁含油率及其茶油的脂肪酸组成

摘要

为了了解不同物种油茶在籽仁含油率和茶油脂肪酸组成上的差异,采用索氏浸提和气相色谱,分析了广宁红花油茶、博白大果油茶、越南义安油茶、陆川大果油茶、普通油茶的籽仁含油率和茶油脂肪酸组成.在含油率中,广宁红花油茶为60％,陆川大果和普通油茶为50％,博白大果和越南义安油茶为40％.在脂肪酸组成中,油酸含量随其分布纬度的降低而降低,亚油酸、棕榈酸含量随其分布纬度的降低而升高,且各物种间油酸和亚油酸的含量此消彼长.因此,物种间油茶籽仁含油率存在一定差异；油茶的分布纬度(生长环境)影响其脂肪酸组成.%In order to learn difference of oil content in seed and fatty acid composition in oil of different species of Camellia oleifera,using the methods of Soxhlet extraction and Gas Chromatography,the indexes were analyzed taking C.semiserrata Chi.,C.gigantocarapa Hu.,C.oleifera var.‘nhge an’,C.vietnamensis Huang.,C.oleifera Abel as subjects.Oil content in C.semiserrata Chi.is 60％,it is 50％ in C.vietnamensis Huang.and C.oleifera Abel.,and it is 40％ in C.gigantocarapa Hu.and C.oleifera var.‘nhge an’.Based on fatty acid composition,the content of oleie acid is decreased with distribution latitude reducing,however,the content of linoleic acid and palmitic acid are increased with distribution latitude reducing,and there is a reciprocal relationship between oleic acid content and linoleic acid content in the species.Thus,oil content is different among different species,and distribution latitude of C.oleifera affects its fatty acid composition.