目的:基于关联规则分析踝关节扭伤后外敷中药膏剂的用药规律, 为临床进一步研制踝关节扭伤的外敷中药膏剂提供参考.方法:检索知网、维普、万方等中文数据库收录的关于中药膏剂外敷治疗踝关节扭伤的文献, 文献时间跨度是1997—2016年, 总计纳入140个处方, 通过使用TCMISS中医传承辅助平台软件计算分析处方中的用药规律.结果:140个治疗踝关节扭伤的处方中使用频率最高的10味中药分别是大黄、乳香、没药、红花、冰片、栀子、当归、黄柏、白芷、血竭.药物的四气主要为温、寒、平, 五味主要是苦、辛、甘, 归经分布主要为肝、脾、肾.药物归类分布主要为伞形科、毛茛科、家科.前5位药物组合分别是"没药, 乳香""大黄, 乳香""大黄, 没药""大黄, 栀子""大黄, 没药, 乳香".通过网状图形方式展示中药之间的关联规则, 其中大黄、乳香、没药居于网状图形中间, 说明这3味中药是临床外敷踝关节扭伤膏剂中应用最多的中药.结论:踝关节扭伤外用中药膏剂的药物组成主要是活血化瘀, 消肿止痛等功效的中药, 其核心药物为大黄、乳香、没药.%Objective:To provide the reference for further clinical study of external herbal ointment for ankle sprain by analyzing the administration rules of external herbal ointment based on association rules. Methods: The papers about external herbal ointment in treating ankle sprain were searched in CNKI, VIP, WanFang and others from 1997 to 2016, 140 prescriptions were included, the administration rules of the prescriptions were calculated and analyzed by TCMISS. Results:Ten herbs at the highest frequency for ankle sprain were DaHuang (Rheum palmatum L.), RuXiang (Boswelliacarteri), MoYao (Myrrh), HongHua (Carthamus tinctorius L.), BingPian (DryobalanopsaromaticaGwaertn.f.), ZhiZi (Gardenia jasminoides Ellis), DangGui (Angelica sinensis), HuangBo (Cortex Phellodendri Chinensis), BaiZhi (radix angelicae dahuricae) and XueJie (Dragon's Blood) among 140 prescriptions. Four properties of the herbs were warm, cold and mild, five flavors were bitter, acrid and sweet, the meridian tropism were liver, spleen and kidney mainly. The classification of the herbs were mainly umbelliferae, ranunculaceae and solanaceae.The top five couplet herbs were MoYao-RuXiang, DaHuang-RuXiang, DaHuang-MoYao, DaHuang-ZhiZi, DaHuang-MoYao-RuXiang respectively. The association rules between herbs were displayed in the form of network graphs, among them, DaHuang, RuXiang and MoYao were located in the middle of network graphs, which demonstrated that these three herbs were the ones used mostly in external ointment for ankle sprain in clinic.Conclusion:External herbal ointment for ankle sprain consists of the herbs which could promote blood circulation, eliminate blood stasis, reduce swelling and alleviate the pain, and the core herbs are DaHuang, RuXiang and MoYao.
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