目的:探讨无痛纤支镜给药治疗空洞型肺结核的护理方法,探索空洞型肺结核短程化疗实施路径.方法:采用随机配对分组法,将126例空洞型肺结核患者分为治疗组(M组,63例)和对照组(C组,63例).化疗方案:M组3HRZEAK/6HRE,另通过无痛纤支镜给药,强化期每周1次;C组不用纤支镜给药,化疗方案同M组.结果:强化期结束时,M组与C组痰菌阴转率分别为92.06%和49.21%,2组之间的差异具有统计学意义(χ2=27.894,P＜0.01);空洞闭合率分别为67.67%和30.16%,2组之间的差异具有统计学意义(χ2=16.811,P＜0.01).疗程结束时,M组与C组痰菌阴转率分别为98.00%和63.49%,组间差异具有统计学意义(χ2=24.912,P＜0.01);空洞闭合率分别为92.06%和46.03%,组间差异具有统计学意义( χ2=31.231,P＜0.01).结论:无痛纤支镜给药治疗空洞型肺结核,可使痰菌转阴和空洞闭合的时间缩短,9个月短程化疗安全可靠,效果满意.%Objective: To approah the nursing method for painless fibrobronchoscopy in the treatment for cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis and explore implementation path of short-course chemotherapy. Method: All 126 patients were randomly allocated to treatment group (M group) and control group(C group) with the random pairing method. Chemotherapy plan: M group 3HRZEAK/6HRE, administered through fibrobronchoscopy, once each week in the intensive period; chemotherapy plan of C group was the same with M group. Result: After intensive period finished, the sputum conversion rates of M group and C group were respectively 92.06%and 49.21%, comparison between both groups demonstrated statistical meaning (?2=27.894, P<0.01); closing rates of pulmonary cavities were 67.67% and 30.16%, comparison between both groups suggested statistical meaning (?2=16.811, P<0.01). When the session ended, the sputum conversion rates of M group and C group were respectively 98.00% and 46.03%, comparison between both groups demonstrated statistical meaning (?2=24.912, P<0.01); closing rates of pulmonary cavities were 92.06% and 46.03%, comparison between both groups suggested statistical meaning (?2=31.231, P<0.01). Conclusion: Painless fibrobronchoscopy in treating cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis could shorten the sputum conversion time and closing time of pulmonary cavities. Short-course chemotherapy for nine months is safe and reliable and could obtain satisfactory results, which should be widely used in clinic.
展开▼
