多种修复技术对城市内河水质及微生物群落的影响

摘要

采集城市内河水样,分别采用曝气增氧、碳源添加、生物投菌和综合修复等技术,在实验室进行水质修复模拟实验,并以水质参数、微生物多样性及丰度为鉴定指标,分析不同修复技术对城市河流水质的修复效果及其对河流微生物群落结构的影响.结果表明,曝气、生物投菌和综合修复技术可以提高河流微生物群落结构多样性,水体微生物群落以变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobia)为主;而使用碳源添加技术的水样,河流微生物的多样性下降明显,变形菌门(Proteobacteria)的相对丰度达到了93%;水质修复方面,曝气增氧技术和生物投菌技术都仅能降低水体COD质量浓度,无法降低水体TN及NH+4-N质量浓度;碳源添加和综合修复技术,对水体TN和NH+4-N的去除效果明显,但投加碳源的河流水体中的COD质量浓度显著上升;相关性分析结果表明,影响水体微生物群落结构的主要环境因子为COD和DO.%Simulated water quality remediation experiments are conducted in the laboratory by collecting urban inland water samples, adopting such technologies as aeration, carbon source addition, biological inoculation and comprehensive repair respectively.Parameters of water quality,diversity and abundance of the microorganisms were regarded as appraisal indicators so as to analyze the remediation effects of different restoration technologies on urban river water quality and its influence on the microbial community structure of river.It was indicated that aeration, bacteria agent and comprehensive repair technologies could enhance the structural diversity of microbial community, with microbial community mainly taking the form of Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Actinobacteria,Verrucomicrobia. In addition,the diversity of river microorganisms decreased obviously with the carbon source addition technology, and the relative abundance of Proteobacteria reached 93%.In the aspect of water quality remediation, aeration technology and biological inoculation technology could only reduce the mass concentration of COD in water, but could not reduce the mass concentration of TN and NH+4-N.Carbon source addition and integrated remediation technology had obvious effects on removal of TN and NH+4-N in water,but the mass concentration of COD in river water with carbon source addition rose significantly.The results of correlation analysis showed that COD and DO were the main environmental factors affecting the structure of water microbial community.