洱海 2005-2014 年水质状况及变化分析

摘要

On the basis of water quality monitoring data from 2005 to 2014 in Erhai lake, using the nemerow index method for the analysis, combining with the state of lake eutrophication, the Erhai lake water quality and the change trend of the period are analyzed. Evaluation results show that the Erhai lake water quality is in clean condition, keeps in the medium level of nutrition status and the lake eutrophication process is slow. Phosphorus as the largest contribution factor of nemerow index method, become the main pollutants affecting the Erhai lake water quality. Water quality in drought period is better than water quality in the plentiful water in Erhai lake. Pollution is given priority to non-point source pollution. Water environmental protection work is effective in Erhai lake.%以洱海湖区2005—2014年的水质监测资料为基础，运用内梅罗水污染指数法进行分析计算，结合湖泊富营养化状态，对洱海水质及这一段时间的变化趋势进行分析评价。评价结果表明，洱海水质处于清洁状态，保持在中营养状态，湖泊富营养化进程减缓，磷作为内梅罗指数最大贡献因子，成为影响洱海水质的主要污染物。洱海枯水期水质好于丰水期水质，污染以面源污染为主，洱海水环境保护工作取得成效。