高速铁路对都市区一体化的影响r——以伦敦、马德里和巴黎为例

摘要

高速铁路建设的最初目的是连接相距400~600 km的都市区.但是近年,都市地区的郊区及城市出现了一些边缘位置的高铁车站,距都市中心的距离约100 km.重点研究位于马德里(瓜达拉哈拉、塞戈维亚和托莱多)、伦敦(斯特拉特福德、艾贝斯费特和阿什福德)和巴黎(鲁瓦西—戴高乐、马恩河谷—谢西和马西)附近的9座外围高铁车站,分析它们对都市区及当地的影响,并提取对加利福尼亚州高速铁路项目可借鉴之处.%The original goal of high-speed rail (HSR) was to link large metropolitan regions 400–600 km apart. Recently, however, intermediate'ex-metropolitan' HSR stations have also been created in subur-ban areas/cities within metropolitan regions (up to 100 km from the metropolitan centre). This study takes a close look at nine such'ex-metropolitan' stations around Madrid (Guadalajara, Segovia, and Toledo), London (Stratford, Ebbsfleet, and Ashford), and Paris (Charles-de-Gaulle, Marne-la-Vallée—Chessy, and Massy), to understand their territorial and local impacts and draw possible lessons for the California High Speed Rail project.