一种新的矢量传感器线列阵波束形成算法

摘要

为了提高基于矢量线列阵的目标方位估计能力，将基于时域解析信号实现最小方差无畸变响应（ MVDR）的方法——TAMVDR算法引入到了矢量线列阵信号处理中，提出了实现矢量线列阵波束形成的VTAMVDR算法。理论分析了矢量线列阵VTAMVDR算法的原理，该算法通过Hilbert变换对时域宽带信号引入复权向量，不需要进行子带分割，且不需要对数据进行分块处理，获得稳定优化权向量估计所需要的数据长度远小于频域MVDR方法，数据长度合适时，单次快拍即可实现波束形成，大大降低了运算量。仿真和海上试验数据分析结果表明：VTMVDR算法相比于频域MVDR算法具有较好的性能，具有更高的分辨率和更窄的波束角，有更好的探测性能。%To improve performance of acoustic vector sensors for direction-of-arrival( DOA)estimation,a new algorithm based on TAMVDR is used in vector line array signal processing,called VTAMVDR. The principle of VTAMVDR is analyzed theoretically. In the model,complex-weighted vector is introduced to time-domain wideband signals through Hilbert transformation. Thus,the narrow-band division and blocking process are avoided, and the data length required to obtain stable optimum weighted vector is far less shorter than frequency-domain MVDR method. The result of simulation and sea trial data analysis result show that,compared with frequency-domain MVDR method,VTMVDR algorithm has better performance,with higher resolution and narrower beam angle,and has better performance of detection.