随钻测量用微小型惯性测量单元设计

摘要

为满足随钻测量仪器在小口径油井、高频振动、强冲击等环境中的应用需求，使用光纤陀螺与石英挠性加速度计作为传感器组件，设计加速度计信号采样电路，小型化导航计算模块采用SOPC＋SDRAM＋FLASH，完成传感器信号采集、误差补偿、导航解算以及与上位机通信等功能。惯性测量单元（ IMU）集成了电源模块、传感器组件和导航计算机，最终制作成38 mm的随钻测量仪器。实验结果表明：当井斜角不小于5°时，样机能够达到系统姿态解算精度要求（井斜角误差小于±0.2°，方位角误差小于±2°，工具面角误差小于±0.2°）。%In order to meet application needs of measurement-while-drilling( MWD)device in some environment like small-bore oil well,high-frequency vibration and intense impact,using fiber-optic gyroscope( FOG)and quartz flexibility accelerometer as sensor unit,design accelerometer signal sampling circuit, and miniaturization navigation calculating module includes system on programmable chip( SOPC ),SDRAM and FLASH,complete functions such as signal collecting of sensors,error compensation,navigation calculating and communicating with upper PC. Inertial measurement unit( IMU)consists of power module,sensor unit and navigation computer,then fabricate MWD device which is38 mm. The result shows that when the angle of inclination is bigger than 5°,the model machine can meet the needs of precision of attitude resolving( error of inclination and tool face angle error are less than ±0. 2°,and error of azimuth is less than ±2°).