2013-2015年京津冀新增耕地时空特征与来源分析

摘要

Based on the data of newly increased cultivated land from 2013 to 2015 at the district and county-level in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,the whole feature of the newly increased cultivated land,the feature of different types newly increased cultivated land were explored,and the newly increased cultivated land was analyzed from the perspective of different sources in-depth.The research methods included gravity center model,Gini-coefficient,geographic concentration and some methods of statistical analysis.Research results showed that from 2013 to 2015,all of the new cultivated land in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region was mainly concentrated in the middle east plain,western mountainous areas and the northern plateau areas.Analyzing the newly increased cultivated land in different years,the area of the newly increased cultivated land in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region was decreased first and then increased;the gravity center was transferred from north-east to south-west.And the newly cultivated land was highly concentrated.Gry land was mainly cultivated land types in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,but the newly increased irrigated land was mainly newly increased cultivated land type.The largest proportion was land consolidation' s newly increased cultivated land in rural.The main source of the newly increased cultivated land was grassland,so that ecological problems were becoming more prominent.On this basis,reasonable suggestions were put forward for Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region in the future land remediation work.It was suggested that the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei project should adjust measures to local conditions in the future,increase water efficiency,and pay attention to the construction of ecological civilization.%利用2013-2015年土地变更调查新增耕地数据,基于县域和区域两种尺度,运用重心模型、区位基尼系数、地理集中度以及统计分析等方法,分析3年京津冀地区新增耕地时空特征,并从不同来源对新增耕地状况进行深入解析,以期为京津冀后续建设尤其是雄安新区建设提供参考.研究结果表明:从2013-2015年京津冀新增耕地整体看,新增耕地主要集中在中东部平原区、西部山区和北部高原区3大区域;从不同年份分析,京津冀地区新增耕地面积先减后增,重心从京津冀东北方逐渐向西南方偏移,并呈高度聚集态势.新增水浇地是京津冀地区新增耕地的主要地类.新增耕地主要是通过农村土地整治新增耕地的方式而来,大部分来源于草地,生态问题愈发突出.最后,深入分析新增耕地时空变化规律,建议京津冀在未来建设中因地制宜,加大节水力度,注重生态文明建设.