继电器电磁机构电磁-热耦合模型建立与计算方法

摘要

继电器电磁机构的动态特性受其本身发热及环境温度的共同影响,在仿真时忽略以上因素会导致结果准确性降低.为解决该问题,通过分析动态特性和热场计算的数学方程,提出一种基于有限元仿真的电磁-热耦合建模方法.该方法旨在通过Flux与Simulink联合仿真,结合相似原理、电阻温度系数和J-A模型,建立一个综合考虑传热学系数、线圈电阻和软磁材料性能的耦合仿真模型.以大功率直流继电器GL200为例,运用耦合建模方法,对不同环境温度和反复短时工作状态下电磁机构动态特性进行仿真分析,并通过与实测数据的对比,证明电磁-热耦合模型仿真结果比忽略温度的模型仿真结果更加合理.%The heat generated by the coil and the environment temperature will affect the dynamic characteristics of relay electromagnetic mechanism. The ignorance of the temperature impacts will decrease the calculating accuracy of dynamic characteristics. To resolve the issue, an electromagnetic-thermal coupling model was established by finite element method, based on mathematic equations of dynamic characteristics and thermal calculation. Considering the similarity principle, the temperature coefficient of resistance and J-A model, a completed coupling model was built in the paper by the combined simulation of a finite element software and Matlab/Simulink. In this model, the conduct thermal coefficient, coil resistance and the soft-magnetic material's properties are considered. The coupling modeling method was used to analyze the dynamic characteristics of high power dc relay GL200 in different environmental temperatures and repeated short working condition. The experimental results of the coupling model are more reasonable than those without considering the temperature impacts.