分布式能源系统垂直轴风机特性的数值模拟与分析

摘要

研究了一种小型分布式能源系统用阻力型垂直轴风机(VAWT)的特性,在原有风机基础上,将风轮增加为两层.基于流体动力学(CFD)对风机性能进行计算,依据空气动力学原理,模拟风轮与空气的流固耦合作用,分析流场风速分布以及风机在不同旋转角度下的综合受力情况,根据转矩特性,在Matlab中建立风轮的数学模型,然后使用最大功率跟踪控制方法,建立风机发电系统的数学模型,从而仿真得到发电机的电压、电流等发电特性曲线.最后,与实测数据进行对比,验证了数值仿真和分析的正确性,为今后该类风机结构优化设计和效率提升提供了借鉴和参考.%The properties of the drag type vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) for small distributed energy systems have been investigated.Based on the original turbine structure, the turbine rotor is increased to two layers.The characteristics are calculated by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software, according to the aerodynamic principles, the fluid-solid coupling effects of turbine and air flow are simulated, the distribution of wind velocity in the flow field and the integrated force of the turbine at different rotation angles are analyzed, according to the torque characteristics, the mathematical model of the wind turbine is established in Matlab, then the mathematical model of the wind turbine power generation system is established by using the method of maximum power tracking control, and the voltage, current and other power generation curves of the generator can be calculated;Finally, compared with the measured data, the correctness of numerical simulation and analysis is verified.The results provide the guide and reference for further turbine structure optimization and efficiency improvement of same kind of wind turbines.