旅游学科升格的理路探析

摘要

由于政府指令性学科专业目录的存在，旅游学科在中国的成长受到外在制度的束缚“，工商管理”一级学科下“旅游管理”二级学科的设置现状，对高等旅游教育和旅游业健康发展极为不利，遂有旅游学科升格之需。文章从“学科”意蕴的探讨入手，审视了学科专业目录规制的内在危机及其在旅游学科发展中的矛盾表现，借用学术性和实践性二维学科评价标准，分析说明了创建旅游管理一级学科的逻辑依据，并引入学科发展的一般逻辑和“好旅游”的基本框架，提出了旅游管理一级学科内部架构设计的三种基本模式。文章的主要观点是：在指令性学科专业目录尚不能彻底否定的前提下，允许并支持部分新兴学科升格，是政府优化学科管理制度的明智选择；创建旅游管理一级学科符合学术逻辑和社会需求逻辑，是旅游知识共同体当下的具体任务，意义不容小觑；遵从学理与应用相统一的逻辑，旅游管理一级学科的架构有对接本科专业目录设计、垂直设计和水平设计三种基本模式；推动旅游学科的升格，会引发学科基本命题的再思考，发挥带动学科内涵建设的作用。%Because of the existence of mandatory classification of instructional programs, the growth of tourism science in China was constrained by external institution. The current situation that Tourism Management is a second grade disciple in science of business administration has serious negative effect on higher tourism education and tourism industry development. There is an urgent need for upgrading tourism disciple. The article probes into implication of Disciple, investigates the internal crisis of regulation in chinese classification of Instructional Programs and paradox of tourism disciple development, explains the logical basis for setting up the first disciple of Tourism Management according to academic and practical evaluation criterion, introduces the basic logic of disciple development and basic framework of good tourism, proposes three basic models for framework design of Tourism Management Disciple. There are four main opinions in the article. Firstly, in the present situation that mandatory Classification of Instructional Programs can’t be completely denied, upgrading some new disciples is a smart choice for government to optimize disciple management institution. Secondly, setting up the first grade disciple of Tourism Management conforms to academic logic and practical logic, is the current specific missions of tourism knowledge community, and has far-reaching significance. Thirdly, there are three basic models for framework design of Tourism Management disciple, including the design of matting current major of tourism management, vertical framework design and horizontal framework design. Fourthly, upgrading tourism disciple has some positive effects such as initiating rethinking of basic postulate of tourism disciple, driving connotation construction of tourism disciple.