豫中烟区土壤腐殖质组成特征及其与烟叶常规化学成分的关系

摘要

在豫中烟区采集了22个耕层土壤样品与对应的烟叶样品,比较了土壤腐殖质的组成特征及其与烟叶常规化学成分的关系.结果表明:①豫中烟区的腐殖质碳量平均为8.44 g/kg,胡敏酸、富里酸、胡敏素分别占腐殖质总量的20.53%,23.21%,56.26%;胡富比值多在0.7～1.0之间,腐殖质的腐殖化程度相对较低;②腐殖质碳量与土壤碱解氮、速效磷含量呈极显著正相关,胡敏酸碳量、富里酸碳量、胡敏素碳量均与速效磷呈显著或极显著正相关;胡富比值与养分含量相关性不显著,但随腐殖质碳量的升高而呈上升趋势;③土壤腐殖质碳量与烟叶常规化学成分间关系不大,但随胡敏酸比例、富里酸比例的升高和胡敏素比例的降低,烟叶钾含量有降低趋势,而淀粉则呈升高趋势.%Twenty - two cultivated soil samples and corresponding tobacco leaf samples were collected from tobacco growing areas in the middle of Henan Province.The composition characters of soil humus and their relationships with the routine chemical components in tobacco leaves were investigated.The results indicated that; 1) The average carbon content in humus (humus - C) was 8.44 g/kg, and the relative contents of humic acid ( HA) , fulvic acid (FA) and humin ( HM) accounted for 20.53％ , 23.21％ , 56.26％ of total humus content, respectively.Most of HA/FA ratios ranged from 0.7 to 1.0, and the humification degree of humus was relatively lower.2 ) Humus - C content extremely significantly positively correlated with alkali -hydrolyzable nitrogen and available phosphorus in soil; HA - C, FA - C, HM - C significantly or extremely significantly positively correlated with available phosphorus in soil.HA/FA ratio presented little relation to nutrient content in soil, however, it raised with the increase of humus - C content.3) Humus - C had little effect on tobacco routine chemical components, the potassium content in tobacco leaves tended to decrease with the increase of HA ratio and FA ratio and with the decrease of HM ratio, while it was on the contrary for starch content.