马克思理论生涯中的张力探析--以“政治-哲学”观为视角

摘要

The analysis of the tension between the politics and the philosophy is an important issue in Marx's Political Philosophy. From the view of Marx’s personal revolutionary experiences, Marx never participated in specific workers 'movement or political struggle, and he even had never achieved political leadership in the workers' political organization. Moreover the working class’ political action didn’t regard Marx's theory as a leader most of the time. For this reason, Marx maintained an appropriate distance from the direct labor movement and the class struggle. On the other hand, he had deep thinking of politics and philosophy from the perspective of historical materialism. Overall,Marx’s attitude to politics and philosophy was complex.%政治与哲学的张力问题是马克思政治哲学中一个非常重要的议题。从对马克思所亲历的革命行动的探查来看，马克思从来没有参加过切切实实的工人运动、政治斗争，即使是在工人政治组织里面也从来没有取得过政治上的领导权，大多时候工人阶级的政治行动也并不以马克思的理论设想为行动指南。为此，马克思与直接的工人运动和阶级斗争保持了适当的距离。另一方面，他又从历史唯物主义的视角对政治与哲学进行了深入的思考。总体来说，马克思对待政治与哲学是一种比较复杂的心态。