甘蔗间作早熟春大豆关键技术研究及效益分析

摘要

开展了甘蔗间作不同大豆品种、间作期、施肥及间作效益等研究，探索总结了甘蔗间作大豆科学的栽培技术，为大田生产应用提供依据。实验结果表明，甘蔗间作大豆会促使甘蔗的植株变高，蔗茎变粗，单茎变重，有效茎数减少，进而对甘蔗产量产生影响。其中，桂春豆103、桂春豆104和桂春豆1号与甘蔗间作后甘蔗不减产，对甘蔗的影响小，比较适合与甘蔗间作；间作大豆的适宜播种期以3月上旬甘蔗植后15天为宜；间作大豆施肥量以施三元复合肥225.0 kg/hm2为宜。%Sugarcane-soybean interplanting techniques, such as interplanting different soybean varieties, applying different soybean seeding time and fertilizing the interplanted soybean with different fertilization rate, were studied to evaluate their economic benefits, with the purpose to explore a scientific interplanting cultivation and to provide a basis for mass production application. The results showed that, when interplanted with soybeans, the cane height, the cane stalk diameter, and the cane stalk weight would increase but the millable canes per unit area would decrease, therefore the cane yields would also get influenced. Three soybean varieties performed well and would be suitable to interplant with sugarcane without negative influence to the growth and yields of sugarcane. The suitable seeding time of the interplanted soybeans would be in early March, 15 days after cane planting. The suitable fertilization rate for the soybeans would be 225.0 kg/hm2 when the fertilizer was N-P-K compound fertilizer with N:P:K ratio of 18:18:18.