华北乡村定期在各处村落或集镇举行的庙会活动，是个体之间以及人神之间相互交流机制中的一种。本文专门在属于这个区域的地方考察了由这种社会意义的个体交流逐渐转变为集体性的文化认同以及这期间相互激荡的过程和影响要素。其中包括作为借人神上下交流而有的村落之间进行象征性交换的“香油钱”这一媒介；还有摄影师和剃头匠之间所显露出来的事实与呈现之间的文化翻译过程，这种翻译过程借助了一些核心的影响要件，包括真和假的信仰、民众对公民的界定、对龙牌的不同表白以及灵验的观念。所有这些，都体现出这样的交流更多意义上是一种文化社会学意义上的以及地方性的对于什么是真正的交流的界定，而它的含义也一定是在民间信仰这一概念之上的。%Villages in North China often hold temple fairs regularly, which are regarded as one of the communication mechanisms between individuals as well as people and gods. The paper investigates temple fairs in the region, finding their function change from individual exchanges with social meanings to a col- lective cultural recognition, and analyzes the storming process as well as influencing factors. ＂Xiangy- ouqian＂ （donation）, as a medium that connects people and gods and is thus changed symbolically be- tween villages, is also studied. The paper further discusses the process of cultural translation between facts and presentations that photographers and barbers experience, which draws support from certain nu- clear factors, including faith in the true and false, public definition of citizens, and ideas of ＂dragon plates＂. All of these evidences show that the communication in the fairs is more a definition of real com- munications in the cultural sociological and local sense, and it is also based on the concept of folk be-liefs.
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