我国乡村规划的理论与应用研究

摘要

This paper divides the rural planning theories in China into three stages, that is, traditional city-rural interaction (before the founding of the PRC), modern city-rural separation (after the founding of the PRC–2016), and new-era city-rural integration (2017–), and summarizes the characteristics of theories in different stages. Chinese traditional rural planning theories include geomantic theorybased physical planning theory, and human culture-oriented management ideas and methods; these two parts complement each other.After China's Reform and Opening Up in 1978, urban planning theory has been employed in rural planning. The contemporary rural planning theory develops under the background of city-rural integration and carries out with a simplified rural administrative licensing system. In recent years, rural planning begins to transform and combine with multidisciplinary theories, thus to explore the origin of developmental.%本文按照我国城乡关系演进过程, 将乡村规划理论演进划分为传统城乡交融背景下乡村建设(新中国成立前) 、现代城乡分离背景下乡村规划(新中国成立后—2016年) 和新时代城乡一体化背景乡村治理(2017年迄今) 三个阶段, 总结不同阶段乡村规划理论和乡村建设、管理特征.我国传统乡村规划理论包括以风水理论为基础的物质性规划建设理论和人文化治理思想与方法, 两者相辅相成.建国以后, 尤其是改革开放以来, 乡村规划运用城市规划的相关理论指导乡村实践, 在城乡关系的大背景下不断演进, 通过乡村规划许可证实施简易化行政许可制度.近些年乡村规划脱胎于城市规划的反思与转型, 融入多学科理论, 探索发展本源.