微种植体颌骨植入区的 CBCT 测量分析

摘要

Objective To analyze the structure around the mini-implants between maxillary second premolar and first molar or man-dibularsecond molar with Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)for the clinical plantation of mini-implants.Methods A total of 34 subjects were selected from patients who had undergone CBCT examinations.The distance between the simulative mini-implants and the occlusal plane and the thickness of maxillary infrazygomatic crest at different insertion angles were measured.The smallest angle and the thickness ofbuccal alveolar bone of the simulative mini-implants in different insertion heights were measured in the mandible.Re-sults ① When the insertion angle was 40°to 75°,the thickness of the infrazygomatic crest was (4.7 ±0.3)~(8.0 ±0.1 )mm,1 3 ~1 7 mm from the maxillary occlusal plane.②In different insertion cases,the insertion angle should be greater than 82°,1 1 mm from the mandibular occlusal plane.The buccal alveolar bone of the mandibular second molar was the thinnest.While the distance was 1 6 mm, the insertion angle should be greater than 51 °and the buccal alveolar bone was the thickest.③ The distance to the mandibular tube was the shortest((9 ±1 .6)mm)when the insertion site was 1 6 mm from the occlusal plane among different insertion sites.Conclusions ①To ensure that the thickness of the infrazygomatic crest was greater than 6 mm and not touching the inferior wall of the maxillary si-nus,the ideal insertion site was 1 3 ~1 6 mm from the maxillary occlusal planeat the angle of 55°to 75°.② When the insertion site was buccal to the mandibular second molar,the distance of mini-inplant to the occlusal plane should be greater than 1 2 mm.The smallest in-sertion angle variedfrom the insertion sites.%目的：利用锥体束 CT（cone beam computed tomography，CBCT）分析上颌第二前磨牙与第一磨牙牙根间以及下颌第二磨牙近中颊根侧植入的微种植体周围组织结构。方法收集34例患者的 CBCT 数据。上颌测量不同植入角度的颧牙槽嵴厚度及种植体与上颌牙合平面间的距离；下颌测量不同植入高度牙槽骨各部位的最小植入角度以及颊侧骨厚度。结果①上颌距离牙合平面13～17 mm 植入微种植体，植入角度为40°～75°，上颌颧牙槽嵴厚度为（4．7±0．3）～（8．1±0．1）mm。②在下颌不同的植入点中，距离牙合平面11 mm 时植入角度应大于82°，距离牙合平面16 mm 时，植入角度应大于51°；距离牙合平面11 mm时第二磨牙颊侧牙槽骨厚度最小，距离牙合平面16 mm 时最大。③不同植入点中，以距离牙合平面16 mm 植入时至下颌神经管上缘的平均距离最小，为（9．0±1．6）mm。结纶①为保证上颌颧牙槽嵴骨厚度至少6 mm 且不触及上颌窦底壁，理想的植入位置为距离上颌牙合平面13～16 mm，植入角度55°～75°。②在第二磨牙近中根颊侧植入微种植体时，建议植入点与牙合平面距离大于12 mm，植入最小角度依不同植入点而异。